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Phosphate |
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 Methods
Phosphorus occurs naturally in rock formations in the earth’s crust, usually as phosphate. High phosphate concentrations in surface waters may indicate fertilizer runoff, domestic waste discharge, or the presence of industrial effluents or detergents. Although phosphates from these sources are usually poly-phosphates or organically bound, all will degrade to ortho or reactive phosphates with time.
Phosphate measurement is used to control scale and corrosion inhibitor levels in boilers and cooling towers. Both methods described below measure reactive phosphate, which will give a positive reaction prior to hydrolysis, and is usually termed ortho-phosphate.
The Vanadomolybdophosphoric Acid Method
References: ASTM D 515-82, Phosphorous in Water, Test Method C. APHA Standard Methods, 20th ed., pp. 4-144, Method 4500-P C (1998).
In test kits employing the vanadomolybdophosphoric method, phosphate reacts with ammonium molybdate under acid conditions and in the presence of vanadium to form a yellow-colored product. Results are expressed as ppm (mg/L) PO4.
The Stannous Chloride Method
References: APHA Standard Methods, 20th ed., pp. 4-145, Method 4500-P D (1998).
Test kits employing this chemistry utilize a stannous chloride reduction. Phosphate reacts with ammonium molybdate and is then reduced by stannous chloride to form a blue complex. Results are expressed as ppm (mg/L) PO4. |
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| • Click to View MSDS and Kit instructions |
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 Visual Kits |
0-1 & 1-10 ppm
0.05 ppm / Method: Stannous Chloride |
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Cat# |
| CHEMets Kit |
K-8510 |
| | CHEMets Refill, 30 ampoules | R-8510 |
| | Activator Solution Pack, six 10 mL, Shelf-life 20 months | A-8500 |
| | Low Range Comparator, Shelf-life 2 years:
0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 ppm | C-8501 |
| | High Range Comparator, Shelf-life 2 years:
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10 ppm | C-8510 |
| | Kit comes in a plastic case and contains everything needed to perform 30 tests: Refill, Low and High Range Comparators, Activator Solution, 25 mL sample cup, sample cup top, instructions, and MSDS. | |
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2-30 ppm
2 ppm / Method: Vanadomolybdophosphoric Acid |
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Cat# |
| CHEMets Kit |
K-8530 |
| | CHEMets Refill, 30 ampoules | R-8515 |
| | Comparator, Shelf-life 2 years:
2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 15, 20, 30 ppm | C-8530 |
| | Kit comes in a plastic case and contains everything needed to perform 30 tests: Refill, Comparator, 25 mL sample cup, instructions, and MSDS. | |
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10-150 ppm
10 ppm / Method: Vanadomolybdophosphoric Acid |
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Cat# |
| CHEMets Kit |
K-8515 |
| | CHEMets Refill, 30 ampoules | R-8515 |
| | Comparator, Shelf-life 2 years:
10, 20, 30, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 150 ppm | C-8515 |
| | Kit comes in a plastic case and contains everything needed to perform 30 tests: Refill, Comparator, 25 mL sample cup, instructions, and MSDS. | |
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0-30 & 30-300 ppm
5 ppm / Method: Stannous Chloride |
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Cat# |
| VACUettes Kit |
K-8510D |
| | VACUettes Refill, 30 ampoules | R-8510D |
| | Activator Solution Pack, six 10 mL bottles, Shelf-life 20 months | A-8500 |
| | Low Range Comparator, Shelf-life 2 years:
0, 5, 7.5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 ppm | C-8501D |
| | High Range Comparator, Shelf-life 2 years:
30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 175, 200, 250, 300 ppm | C-8510D |
| | Kit comes in a plastic case and contains everything needed to perform 30 tests (except distilled water): Refill, Low and High Range Comparators, Activator Solution, dilutor snapper cup, sample cup top, micro test tube, instructions, and MSDS. | |
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0-60 & 60-600 ppm
10 ppm / Method: Stannous Chloride |
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Cat# |
| VACUettes Kit |
K-8510A |
| | VACUettes Refill, 30 ampoules | R-8510A |
| | Activator Solution Pack, six 10 mL bottles, Shelf-life 20 months | A-8500 |
| | Low Range Comparator, Shelf-life 2 years:
0, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 ppm | C-8501A |
| | High Range Comparator, Shelf-life 2 years:
60, 120, 180, 240, 300, 350, 400, 500, 600 ppm | C-8510A |
| | Kit comes in a plastic case and contains everything needed to perform 30 tests (except distilled water): Refill, Low and High Range Comparators, Activator Solution, dilutor snapper cup, sample cup top, micro test tube, instructions, and MSDS. | |
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0-120 & 120-1200 ppm
20 ppm / Method: Stannous Chloride |
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Cat# |
| VACUettes Kit |
K-8510B |
| | VACUettes Refill, 30 ampoules | R-8510B |
| | Activator Solution Pack, six 10 mL bottles, Shelf-life 20 months | A-8500 |
| | Low Range Comparator, Shelf-life 2 years:
0, 20, 30, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120 ppm | C-8501B |
| | High Range Comparator, Shelf-life 2 years:
120, 240, 360, 480, 600, 700, 800, 1000, 1200 ppm | C-8510B |
| | Kit comes in a plastic case and contains everything needed to perform 30 tests (except distilled water): Refill, Low and High Range Comparators, Activator Solution, dilutor snapper cup, sample cup top, micro test tube, instructions, and MSDS. | |
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0-1200 & 1200-12,000 ppm
200 ppm / Method: Stannous Chloride |
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Cat# |
| VACUettes Kit |
K-8510C |
| | VACUettes Refill, 30 ampoules | R-8510C |
| | Activator Solution Pack, six 10 mL bottles, Shelf-life 20 months | A-8500 |
| | Low Range Comparator, Shelf-life 2 years:
0, 200, 300, 400, 600, 800, 1000, 1200 ppm | C-8501C |
| | High Range Comparator, Shelf-life 2 years:
1200, 2400, 3600, 4800, 6000, 7000, 8000, 10,000, 12,000 ppm | C-8510C |
| | Kit comes in a plastic case and contains everything needed to perform 30 tests (except distilled water): Refill, Low and High Range Comparators, Activator Solution, dilutor snapper cup, sample cup top, micro test tube, instructions, and MSDS. | |
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 Instrumental Kits |
V-2000: 0.75-8.00 ppm / Spec: 0.20-5.00 ppm
Stannous Chloride |
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Cat# |
| Vacu-vials Kit, Shelf-life 20 months |
K-8513 |
| | Kit comes in a cardboard box and contains everything needed to perform 30 tests: thirty ampoules, Activator Solution, 25 mL sample cup, sample cup top, ampoule blank, instructions, calibration table, and MSDS. | |
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5.0-40.0 ppm
Vanadomolybdophosphoric Acid |
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Cat# |
| Vacu-vials Kit |
K-8503 |
| | Kit comes in a cardboard box and contains everything needed to perform 30 tests: thirty ampoules, 25 mL sample cup, ampoule blank, instructions, calibration table, and MSDS. | |
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Kit Components common to Phosphate |
| Description |
Cat# |
| | Sample Cup Pack, 25 mL (6 ea) | A-0013 |
| | Sample Cup Top Pack for 25 mL Cup (6 ea) | A-0014 |
| | Micro Test Tube Pack (10 ea) | A-0015 |
| | Dilutor Snapper Cup Pack (6 ea) | A-0018 |
| | Ampoule Blank Pack (5 ea) | A-0023 |
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